The Structure of the Earth's Atmosphere

Overview

The Earth's atmosphere is a layer of gases that surrounds the planet. It is composed of 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and 1% other gases. The atmosphere is divided into five layers: the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere.

Troposphere

The troposphere is the lowest layer of the atmosphere and is where we live. It extends from the Earth's surface to about 10 kilometers (6 miles) above sea level. The troposphere is characterized by its relatively warm temperatures and high humidity. It is also the layer of the atmosphere where most weather occurs.

Stratosphere

The stratosphere is the layer of the atmosphere above the troposphere. It extends from about 10 kilometers (6 miles) to 50 kilometers (31 miles) above sea level. The stratosphere is characterized by its relatively stable temperatures and low humidity. It is also the layer of the atmosphere where the ozone layer is located. The ozone layer protects the Earth from harmful ultraviolet radiation.

Mesosphere

The mesosphere is the layer of the atmosphere above the stratosphere. It extends from about 50 kilometers (31 miles) to 85 kilometers (53 miles) above sea level. The mesosphere is characterized by its relatively cold temperatures and low density. It is also the layer of the atmosphere where meteors burn up.

Thermosphere

The thermosphere is the layer of the atmosphere above the mesosphere. It extends from about 85 kilometers (53 miles) to 600 kilometers (373 miles) above sea level. The thermosphere is characterized by its extremely high temperatures and low density. It is also the layer of the atmosphere where the aurora borealis and aurora australis occur.

Exosphere

The exosphere is the outermost layer of the atmosphere. It extends from about 600 kilometers (373 miles) to 10,000 kilometers (6,214 miles) above sea level. The exosphere is characterized by its extremely low density and high temperatures. It is also the layer of the atmosphere where satellites orbit the Earth.

Sketch of the Structure of the Atmosphere

[Image of the structure of the atmosphere]

Conclusion

The Earth's atmosphere is a complex and dynamic system that is essential for life on Earth. It provides us with oxygen to breathe, protects us from harmful radiation, and regulates the Earth's temperature. By understanding the structure of the atmosphere, we can better appreciate its importance and take steps to protect it.